Keloid is a type of scar that appears raised, thick, and firm, growing beyond the original wound area. It often appears red, pink, brown, or darker than the surrounding skin and may feel itchy or painful when touched.
Causes of Keloids
Although the exact cause is still unknown, keloids are believed to result from abnormalities in the body's wound healing process. This includes excessive production of tissue and collagen, especially abnormal types of collagen, leading to raised scars. Related contributing factors include:
- Genetics: ผู้ที่มีคนในครอบครัวเคยเป็นคีลอยด์ จะมีความเสี่ยงมากขึ้น
- Skin Color: More commonly found in individuals with darker skin tones, such as Africans, Asians, or Hispanics.
- Location of the Wound: Areas with high skin tension, such as the earlobes, shoulders, chest, or places with frequent movement.
- Type of Wound: May result from surgical wounds, acne scars, burns, ear piercings, vaccinations, or even minor scratches.
Characteristics of Keloids
A raised lump of tissue that may be hard or flexible.
Red, pink, brown, or darker than the surrounding skin, with a shiny surface.
May cause itching, irritation, or pain.
The size may grow larger and usually does not shrink or disappear on its own.
Treatment approaches for keloids
Keloid treatment can help reduce size, relieve symptoms, and fade the scar appearance. However, the skin around the keloid may not fully return to normal, and there is a chance of recurrence. Treatment methods include:
Corticosteroid Injections: This is the most commonly used method. It helps reduce inflammation and shrink the scar.
Silicone Dressings or Gels: Helps reduce the raised area and soften the scar.
Cryotherapy: Uses liquid nitrogen to freeze the keloid area.
Compression Therapy: Uses pressure devices to control the growth of keloids.
Laser Therapy: Helps reduce redness and smooth the scar.
Surgical Excision: Often combined with other methods such as corticosteroid injections or radiation therapy because surgery alone has a high chance of recurrence.
Radiation Therapy: Uses low-dose radiation to reduce the recurrence of keloids, commonly applied after surgery.
Keloids are not life-threatening and do not turn into cancer, but they can cause discomfort or irritation, such as:
- Itching, pain, or irritation, especially when rubbed or touched by clothing.
- Affects appearance, causing some people to feel less confident, especially if located on the face, neck, or arms.
- If located in areas that move frequently, such as elbows or shoulders, it may interfere with movement.
Summary:
Keloids are not directly harmful to health but can affect appearance and quality of life. If you feel discomfort, pain, or concern, you should consult a doctor to consider appropriate treatment options.
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